01 - Cook pasta in a large pot of salted boiling water according to package instructions until al dente. Drain thoroughly, rinse under cold water, and set aside.
02 - Heat a grill pan or skillet over medium-high heat. Add corn kernels and cook, stirring occasionally, until lightly charred, about 5 to 7 minutes. Remove from heat and let cool.
03 - In a large mixing bowl, whisk together mayonnaise, sour cream, lime juice, chili powder, paprika, garlic powder, salt, and black pepper until smooth.
04 - Add cooled pasta, charred corn, red bell pepper, red onion, jalapeño if using, and half the cilantro to the bowl. Toss thoroughly to coat all components with dressing.
05 - Gently fold in most of the cotija cheese, reserving a small amount for garnish.
06 - Transfer salad to a serving dish. Garnish with remaining cotija cheese and reserved cilantro. Serve chilled or at room temperature.